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There is a familiar image across India today. A young graduate, degree in hand, standing in a long queue outside a government recruitment office. Another refreshing job portals every morning, tailoring resumes that receive no reply. A young woman, who excelled in college, quietly abandoning the search because the nearest workplace is unsafe to commute to or because household responsibilities leave no room for paid work. These are not isolated stories. Together, they capture t

India stands at a defining demographic moment. With nearly 65% of its population below the age of 35, the country's greatest resource is not merely its economic potential but the aspirations, creativity, and energy of its youth. Yet, this promise is accompanied by a difficult paradox. Even as India has emerged as one of the world's fastest-growing major economies, concerns over employment quality, declining labour force participation among young people, and the widening gap b